What is Critical Thinking? Should we learn to use it?

     Critical thinking is the way of thinking that make us able to think clearly and logically without including much emotion that probably can disturb the way we thinking logically. In this era, we should learn this technique because it help us prevent ourselves from any hoax that spread around our community. Some people misunderstand about think critically is same as criticism. Think critically means that we think systematically, logically, and objectively and criticism is finding out the mistake in many things. It sounds similar, but it is completely different.

    The default way of human thinking is instant, short, and emotional. this way of thinking is good at making simple conclusion on simple problem, but it does not work really well in complex argument. That is why we need to learn to use Critical thinking. In complex argument, we have to think deeply, systematic, and slowly because we need to be careful with the information we have, because sometimes it can mislead us into wrong conclusion. To understand more better need to know about the definition and the context to know the true meaning behind this words or argument.

    An argument is an opinion or conclusion with premise, and premise is a reason behind the opinion or conclusion, also the premise should be a fact, so the opinion or conclusion can be a strong argument. An argument is debatable because there is a lot of fact that we can use in brainstorming session. a description, fact, and explanation can not be an argument because it is not debatable. the process of extracting premises into conclusion or opinion is called reasoning. there are two types of reasoning and it is, deductive and inductive. in deductive if the premises is fact then the conclusion is right, but in inductive, if the premises is fact there is possibility that the conclusion might be wrong.

    Analogy and Generalization is a common inductive reasoning that we often found in our daily life. Analogy is an example that have a 'similar' topic with our argument. to make good analogy, we have to use fact as an example and and the example need to have similarities with the argument. an analogy is count as one premise, so we need to use more analogy or other premise to support our conclusion. Generalization is concluding an information based from sample that have taken from some community. Generalization is not strong enough because it is just a guess based from sample that we observe. we can use more than one example to make our generalization stronger.

    To make our argument stronger, we can quote a sentence from a person that has qualification in the field that we discussed, for example we talking about vaccination and there is pro and contra, to make our argument stronger we can quote from a doctor or scientist that work or researching on that field. The person is have to be neutral and not take a side, so the information can be pure. We also need to tell the person's qualification when quoting a sentence from them. We can use other person that have same qualification to crosscheck and make sure that they have same or different opinions. and also be careful when quoting from internet.

Source: https://latihlogika.com/category/pelajaran

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